集成测试

This page describes how to use the integration_test package to run integration tests. Tests written using this package have the following properties:

• Compatibility with the flutter drive command, for running tests on a physical device or emulator.
• The ability to be run on Firebase Test Lab, enabling automated testing on a variety of devices.
• Compatibility with flutter_test APIs, enabling tests to be written in a similar style as widget tests

Overview

Unit tests, widget tests, and integration tests

There are three types of tests that Flutter supports. A unit test verifies the behavior of a method or class. A widget test verifies the behavior of Flutter widgets without running the app itself. An integration test (also called end-to-end testing or GUI testing) runs the full app.

Hosts and targets

During development, you are probably writing the code on a desktop computer, called the host machine, and running the app on a mobile device, browser, or desktop application, called the target device. (If you are using a web browser or desktop application, the host machine is also the target device.)

flutter_driver

The flutter_driver package runs integration tests written in Dart on a target device and reports the results to the host. Tests written with flutter_driver run from the host and drive the app running on a real or virtual device. The flutter drive command is used to run tests written with this package.

integration_test

Tests written with the integration_test package can:

1. Run directly on the target device, allowing you to test on multiple Android or iOS devices using Firebase Test Lab.
2. Run using flutter_driver.
3. Use flutter_test APIs, making integration tests more like writing widget tests.

Project setup

Add integration_test, flutter_test, and optionally flutter_driver to your pubspec.yaml file:

dev_dependencies:
  integration_test:
    sdk: flutter
  flutter_test:
    sdk: flutter
  flutter_driver:
    sdk: flutter

In your project, create a new directory integration_test/ with a new file, <name>_test.dart:

import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';

void main() {
  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  testWidgets("failing test example", (WidgetTester tester) async {
    expect(2 + 2, equals(5));
  });
}

To run tests with flutter drive, create a new directory containing a new file, test_driver/integration_test.dart:

import 'package:integration_test/integration_test_driver.dart';

Future<void> main() => integrationDriver();

Directory structure

lib/
  ...
integration_test/
  foo_test.dart
  bar_test.dart
test/
  # Other unit tests go here.
test_driver/
  integration_test.dart

See also:

• integration_test usage

Running using Flutter driver

These tests can be launched with the flutter drive command, where <DEVICE_ID>: is the optional device ID or pattern displayed in the output of the flutter devices command:

flutter drive \
  --driver=test_driver/integration_test.dart \
  --target=integration_test/foo_test.dart \
  -d <DEVICE_ID>

This runs the tests in foo_test.dart using the adapter in test_driver/integration_test.dart.

Running in a browser

First, Download and install ChromeDriver and run it on port 4444:

chromedriver --port=4444

In a separate process, run flutter_drive:

flutter drive \
  --driver=test_driver/integration_test.dart \
  --target=integration_test/counter_test.dart \
  -d web-server

To learn more, see the Running Flutter driver tests with web wiki page.

Testing on Firebase Test Lab

You can use the Firebase Test Lab with both Android and iOS targets.

Android setup

Follow the instructions in the Android Device Testing section of the README.

iOS setup

Follow the instructions in the iOS Device Testing section of the README.

Test Lab project setup

Go to the Firebase Console, and create a new project if you don’t have one already. Then navigate to Quality > Test Lab:

Uploading an Android APK

Create an APK using Gradle:

pushd android
# flutter build generates files in android/ for building the app
flutter build apk
./gradlew app:assembleAndroidTest
./gradlew app:assembleDebug -Ptarget=integration_test/<name>_test.dart
popd

Where <name>_test.dart is the file created in the Project Setup section.

Drag the “debug” APK from <flutter_project_directory>/build/app/outputs/apk/debug into the Android Robo Test target on the web page. This starts a Robo test and allows you to run other tests:

Click Run a test, select the Instrumentation test type and drag the following two files:

• <flutter_project_directory>/build/app/outputs/apk/debug/<file>.apk
• <flutter_project_directory>/build/app/outputs/apk/androidTest/debug/<file>.apk

If a failure occurs, you can view the output by selecting the red icon:

Uploading an Android APK from the command line

See the Firebase Test Lab section of the README for instructions on uploading the APKs from the command line.

Migrating from flutter_driver

To migrate from flutter_driver, use the following steps:

1. Remove any calls to enableFlutterDriverExtension() in your application.
2. Migrate any test_driver scripts to use package:integration_test and WidgetTester instead of package:flutter_driver.

Code before migration:

import 'package:flutter_driver/flutter_driver.dart';
import 'package:test/test.dart';

void main() {
  group('end-to-end test', () {
    FlutterDriver driver;

    setUpAll(() async {
      // Connect to a running Flutter application instance.
      driver = await FlutterDriver.connect();
    });

    tearDownAll(() async {
      if (driver != null) driver.close();
    });

    test('tap on the floating action button; verify counter', () async {
      // Finds the floating action button to tap on.
      SerializableFinder fab = find.byTooltip('Increment');

      // Wait for the floating action button to appear.
      await driver.waitFor(fab);

      // Emulate a tap on the floating action button.
      await driver.tap(fab);

      // Wait for text to change to the desired value.
      await driver.waitFor(find.text('1'));
    });
  });
}

Code after migration:

import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';

// The application under test.
import 'package:integration_test_example/main.dart' as app;

void main() {
  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  group('end-to-end test', () {
    testWidgets('tap on the floating action button; verify counter',
        (WidgetTester tester) async {
      app.main();
      await tester.pumpAndSettle();

      // Finds the floating action button to tap on.
      final Finder fab = find.byTooltip('Increment');

      // Emulate a tap on the floating action button.
      await tester.tap(fab);

      await tester.pumpAndSettle();

      expect(find.text('1'), findsOneWidget);
    });
  });
}

Instead of calling driver.wait* API, use WidgetTester.pumpAndSettle() or equivalent methods.